Designs by Sam Devlin and Robert W Stephens Commentary by Mike OBrien

Cackler Boat Plans

T Tere we have two easily built modified garveys, - each of strong character. Both are capable of JL JL performance that is equal, at least, to that of their stock fiberglass counterparts of fancier origin. For want of a more formal definition, garveys can be thought of as sometimes well-modeled scows that originated in the shallow bays and creeks along the Jersey Shore. Put together by different builders for different purposes, individual garveys display the considerable variety expected from...

Auxiliary rudder systems

Viking Ship Rudder Steering Ore

An auxiliary rudder system is a discrete steering unit which steers the boat independently of the main rudder. The windvane turns a rudder blade on a rigid shaft directly via a linkage, maintaining the corrective rudder movement until the boat returns to the desired course. The main rudder is fixed in place and used to fine tune the gear. It counters weather helm, allowing the auxiliary rudder to concentrate just on actual course corrections. Auxiliary rudder systems are only effective if the...

Heading up and bearing away

Orzare Poggiare

The two phrases heading up and bearing away describe any turn on a sailboat. Like almost everything in this chapter, their definitions are also relative to the all-important wind direction. When you make a turn toward the wind, you're heading up. When you're steering with a tiller and sitting in the proper position on the windward side, facing the sails, as we show in Chapter 4 , you push the tiller away from you to head up. The term bearing away is more common than heading down or bearing off,...

Cardinal Marks

Cardinal Marks Sailing

A cardinal mark warns of a nearby hazard. There are four types, one for each cardinal point of the compass, and each is clearly identifiable by its color and top marks during the day and by a sequence of white-light flashes at night. Cardinal marks are identical in both of the IALA buoyage systems. they are either pillar- or spar-shaped and are topped by two cones, or top marks, arranged differently on the four types. A starboard cone flashes green to mark the starboard side of the channel when...

Flopper Stopper

Years ago the fishermen in the Pacific Northwest started using paravanes carried from special outriggers to help steady them at sea. By leaving the vanes rigged when they sought shelter behind headlands, they were able to reduce motion at anchor. Then, about 30 years ago cruisers starting making flopper-stoppers patterned after the paravanes but with a major improvement whereas paravanes require motion through the water to be effective, these flopper-stoppers used a valve action to dampen...

Scow Schooner

Build in 1872 as a sailing barge in  Grand Haven Michigan. Built of wood by Ducan Robertson for Kirby Furlong and Company  of Grand Haven, Mi.  who had a fleet of 12 barges and two tug boats. She  was design for the lumber trade with two mast set far apart  to  hold more  lumber. In 1884 her rigging was changed and she was made into a topsail schooner.

The Shoulderofmutton Sail

So called from its resemblance to the flat side of a shoulder of mutton. It is a rig best suited for smooth water, and seldom used on the coast, or in wide open rivers. The main-sail, when properly shaped, is neat and pretty whilst the tapering peak is useful under high cliffs, when the lower part of the sail is sheltered from the wind. The shoulder-of-mutton sail requires neither spreet nor yard it is set entirely by the mast, a light tapering spar, placed well forward in the bows of the boat....

Getting to a Moored Boat

With large fixed-keel sailboats, it's common to leave the boat at a mooring well away from the dock, avoiding the handling problems of docking in a tight spot. The dinghy, or dink, is a small boat used to travel back and forth from shore to the boat. The dinghy is also a mobile fishing and diving platform that allows you to poke into shallows where the mother ship can't go. It's also useful for setting out a second anchor where necessary for overnights. (The anchor is lowered into the dinghy,...

Dinagat Sound West Side

12.137 The E coast of Dinagat Island which forms the W shore of Dinagat Sound, is bold, mountainous, and of a desolate character. The spurs from the mountains approach the coast and terminate in steep cliffs and bluffs. The coast is fringed with reefs extending up to i mile offshore, but it may be safely navigated by keeping outside a line drawn 1 mile E of the salient points, care being taken to avoid the dangerous area E of Pe ascales Point (12.140). There are few places where landing can be...

Olango Channel And Hilutangan Channel

10.86 Olango Channel and Hilutangan Channel lead from the SW corner of Camotes Sea to Cebu Strait. Olango Island lies with Mabini Point (10 17'N, 124 04' E), its N extremity, 9 miles NW of Corte Point (10.89). The island is low and cultivated. Santa Rosa and Poo villages stand on the W side of the island, 2 and 3 miles, respectively, SW of Mabini Point. Six islets lie on the drying reef extending 4 miles SW from Olango Island, namely, Camungi Islet, Sulpa Islet, Panganan Islet, Caohagan Islet,...

Italian Automated Search and Rescue System ARES

Vessels transiting the Mediterranean are encouraged to participate in the Italian Automated Search and Rescue System. The system is aimed at a coordinated efficiency of search and rescue operations. Automated Search and Rescue (ARES) messages will be accepted free of charge by Italian coast radio stations. There are four types of messages 1. The Initial Report (INI) is the sailing plan and should be sent as soon after departure as possible. 2. The Intermediate Report (INT) confirms the sailing...

Lets Lie AHull

Sailingboat Storm Drawing

When a boat is hove-to under shortened canvas and the wind and seas increase, the balance of the yacht can be upset. The sails may start to shake and the yacht's motion may become nervous and unsteady. Each yacht acts differently depending on 3. The amount of sail that's up and how the area is adjusted. 4. The windage of the hull, deck structures, exposed dinghies, dodgers, cockpit weather cloths, biminis, furled sails, and so on. With more wind, the hove-to boat may put half her side deck...

Routine and sleeping quarters

Sleeping Quarters Cargo Ship

We can only guess at what the sailors' daily routine must have been like. The documentation on the daily course of activities aboard the king's vessels is scant of course, there is even less for merchantmen. In the French navy, bells and drums were used to signal the hours of rising, meals, watches, and sleep for one and all, thereby setting the pulse of life aboard ship. The sailors also punctuated their work with shouts. There were sometimes more than 100 men pulling the same rope and it fell...

Fiege Fitting Wires

Wire rope must be visible through the inspection hole of the Fiege fitting after installation and at all times while in service. TOOLS, PARTS AND MATERIALS REQUIRED Electroline Fiege fitting (sleeve, socket and plug, View 1). Note If an existing fitting is being reused a new plug is still required. Tube driver, Steel (View 2). Note The hole diameter is 1 32 of an inch larger than the Electroline. Wire rope assembly block, steel (View 3). Note The hole diameter is 1 32 of an inch smaller than...

Basic Rescue Tips for Water

Water rescue is similar to any rescue situation. You should be trained, careful, and responsible when attempting to help others. Always be ready to help others, but do not take needless risks. To help in emergencies from a boat Approach an accident scene cautiously. Watch for victims in the water. Check the area for possible risks to yourself and other rescuers. Turn the engine off before picking up victims as long as you don't need it on to maneuver against winds or currents. Communicate with...

Kikladhes Nisoi South Central Group

14.16 Nisos Folegandros (36 38'N., 24 54'E.) is a barren and hilly island with high and precipitous coasts. It consists of two parts which are joined by a narrow neck. Korifi Ayios Eleutherios, the summit of the island, is 415m high and stands in the S part. The NW part of the island is 311m high. Ormos Vathi, a small bay, indents the SW side of the island and is open to the SW. It is sometimes used as a refuge in N and E winds.

AN Azores to Ireland

BA 22, 27, 40.67 US 140, 142, 143 Cruising Association Handbook. AN1311 Graciosa 3900'N 2755'W The same general directions apply as for route AN132, but as destinations in Ireland are more westerly than those in the English Channel, the suggestion to sail due north on leaving the Azores does not have to be followed slavishly as it does not matter too much if some leeway is made to the west. This can be corrected later with the help of the westerlies that normally prevail in higher latitudes....

The Caravels

The Diccionario de la Real Academia de la Lengua Espa ola defines the caravel as a vessel 'very swift, long and narrow, with only one deck, a beak at the prow and a flat poop, with three masts for lateen sails and some with yards for square sails on the main and foremasts'. According to the Encyclopedia of Ships and Seafaring edited by Peter Kemp Stanford Maritime Press , caravels became the preferred ships of explorers of the late fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, mainly because they were...

Submarine Indicator Buoys

Indian Navy submarines carry two indicator buoys. The buoys are painted in four quadrants. The diagonally opposite quadrants are painted yellow and orange. The name of the submarine is painted affixed on the fore and aft parts of the buoy in black letters, 25mm thick and 140mm high. Each buoy has a white light which can either show steadily or exhibit 120 flashes per minute. A sound-powered telephone is fitted in each buoy, under the base of the light, for communication with the submarine.

The Buoyage System Of The British Virgin Islands

In an international effort to standardize buoyage systems, the International Association of Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) has agreed that, in order to meet conflicting requirements, there will be two systems in use throughout the world. These are to be called systems A and B, respectively. The rules for the two systems were so similar that the IALA Executive Committee felt able to combine the two sets of rules into one, known as the IALA Maritime Buoyage System. This single set of rules allows...

Traditional catboat with a difference

Catboat Designs

20' 0 21' 4 17' 9 1' 10 4' 3 29' 6 Peter J. Legnos Legnos Boatbldg. Co. 1974-1986 258 sq. ft. portable or 20 gal. portable Min. max. draft Bridge clearance Power B D ratio 20' 0 21' 4 17' 9 1' 10 4' 3 29' 6 Years produced Sail area Fuel tankage Water tankage Peter J. Legnos Legnos Boatbldg. Co. 1974-1986 258 sq. ft. portable or 20 gal. portable Unlike most of her comps, the Mystic Catboat 20 was designed to resemble a 19th century gentleman's cruising cat rather than a traditional working cat....

Hypothetical Look at Buying Sails

It was not so many years ago that buying a new sail for your boat meant a pleasant trip down to your local sailmaker. You made a call e-mail was not yet invented , set up an appointment, and then spent a few wonderful hours looking at bolts of cloth, talking boats, and settling on a price. If you were a good customer a handshake would seal the deal, the sail would be made, and a few weeks later it was delivered to your boat an invoice would arrive by mail. Your sailmaker knew you by name - both...

Heavy British import with twin keels

Min. max. draft Bridge clearance Power B D ratio 23, 6 23, 6 20, 9 2, 6 3, 8 31, 0 Years produced Sail area Fuel tankage outbd. or inbd. 3 to 8 hp Water tankage Designer Alan Hill drew the Vivacity 24 for Russell Marine in England in 1968. They were built in fin keel and bilge keel versions the latter, designed to stand on the hard, was by far the more popular. Although designed for outboard power, a few had inboard engines fitted. Like her comps, the Vivacity 24 is a relatively heavy and...

Measuring for a Mainsail

Reef Hooks Mainsail

Maximum luff length (P dimension) - Measure by attaching the tape to the halyard shackle and pulling it to the top of the mast until it stops. Secure the halyard and measure to the bearing surface of the tack pin. If your mast has black bands, raise the tape until it is just at the lower edge of the band. You will probably have to site the position of the tape from off the boat. Be sure to note that this is a black band distance when submitting the data to your sailmaker. 2. Maximum leech...

A design thats not all things to all sailors

Pictures 1972 Daysailers

24' 3 24' 3 17' 5 3' 0 30' 6 George Stadel Allied Boats 1968-1972 264 sq. ft. portable 15 gal. Min. max. draft Bridge clearance Power B D ratio 24' 3 24' 3 17' 5 3' 0 30' 6 Years produced Sail area Fuel tankage Water tankage George Stadel Allied Boats 1968-1972 264 sq. ft. portable 15 gal. George Stadel's design for the Greenwich 24, the smallest sailboat ever produced by Allied Boats, was sold to the new Cape Dory Company in 1972, and after the design underwent some minor modifications, became...

A near clone of the South Coast

Alberg Sailboat

Min. max. draft Bridge clearance Power B D ratio 23' 7 23' 7 17' 9 2' 10 30' 9 Years produced Sail area Fuel tankage Water tankage In 1964, Carl Alberg drew plans for the South Coast 23 page 255 . Hollis Metcalf, proprietor of South Coast Seacraft, farmed out the molding to Kenner Boatworks, finishing the bare hulls at his own facility and marketing the boats countrywide. Not long afterward, the story goes, Kenner Boatworks found a leftover boat and refashioned it, by allegedly adding six...

Little Details Does a Boats Color Matter

Some people may not give color a second thought but the color of the topsides and deck might make the difference between loving and hating your next boat. My family and I have owned two black cruising sailboats, a blue one, and several white ones. And we'll probably never own another non-white boat again. Why First of all, dark colors are hot, since they absorb heat from the sun. Sleeping aboard our blue Tartan 27, I used to be awakened by the hot interior wall of my quarter berth, as the early...

Take your choice catboat or sloop

Marshall Catboat

25' 8 cat , 31' 8 sloop 21' 4 2' 0 5' 5 38' 6 Breck Marshall Marshall Marine Corp. 1965-present 388 sq. ft. cat 12 to 21 gal. 22 gal. Min. max. draft Bridge clearance Power B D ratio 25' 8 cat , 31' 8 sloop 21' 4 2' 0 5' 5 38' 6 Years produced Sail area Fuel tankage Water tankage Breck Marshall Marshall Marine Corp. 1965-present 388 sq. ft. cat 12 to 21 gal. 22 gal. The Marshall 22 catboat and her sloop-rigged sister have been in production for over 40 years one of the longest running...

A simple cruiser with a bit of catboat tradition

22' o 22' 3 20' 6 3' 8 39' 6 Hinterhoeller Yachts 1982-1988 306 sq. ft. 6 to 10 gal. 15 to 26 gal. Min. max. draft Bridge clearance Power B D ratio 22' o 22' 3 20' 6 3' 8 39' 6 Years produced Sail area Fuel tankage Water tankage Hinterhoeller Yachts 1982-1988 306 sq. ft. 6 to 10 gal. 15 to 26 gal. The Nonsuch 22 was designed for easy daysailing or cruising for a couple. It's not exactly a full-fledged traditional catboat the beam is not quite as wide, the hull has a fin keel rather than a...

Is this boat really a footer

Catboat Atlantic City Plans

22' 6 24' 9 21' 4 2' 6 5' 0 34' 0 Min. max. draft Bridge clearance Power B D ratio 22' 6 24' 9 21' 4 2' 6 5' 0 34' 0 Years produced Sail area Fuel tankage Water tankage The Menger Cat 23 is a very close relative of a design by Francis Sweiguth 1882-1970 built on Long Island, NY, in fiberglass in the late 1960s and early 1970s and called the Americat 22. Bill Menger and his son, Andrew, took the lines off the Americat, and may even have acquired the molds. If so, they never publicized it, though...

Warp and Fill

Fabric Warp And Fill

The warp refers to the yarns running the length of the fabric while the fill refers to the yarns running across the fabric (Figure 3.1). Another name for the fill is weft, but most sailmakers and sailcloth manufacturers prefer to use the more modern name. A fabric engineer can design a fabric to be warp-orientated by using heavier yarns running the length of the fabric or he can design a fabric to be fill-orientated by using heavier yarns along its width. Balanced fabrics, as their name...

Stopping a Spinnaker

Unless you are setting the lightest of spinnakers or on a fairly small boat, the sail should be in stops or in a spinnaker sock. Stops are either elastic bands or light pieces of yarn that are used to lash the sail to keep it from catching wind and setting prematurely. Larger boats (or spinnakers that are going to be set in a lot of wind) should be stopped with yarn. The yarn is more time consuming, but definitely worth the effort. It is the only safe and secure way to ensure that the spinnaker...

Early forerunner of the Seaward Fox

Seaward Fox

16' 6 17' 4 14' 10 1' 7 2' 7 25' 0 Min. max. draft Bridge clearance Power B D ratio 16' 6 17' 4 14' 10 1' 7 2' 7 25' 0 Years produced Sail area Fuel tankage Water tankage Nick Hake started Starboard Yacht Company in 1979 with the cute little Slipper 17. Over the years the dimensions varied a bit, and so did the rig cat or sloop , the deck configuration deckhouse or flush deck and the name of the builder Starboard, Seaward, Hake Yachts but with Nick Hake always in control. See the Seaward Fox II...

One of Nick Hakes early small yacht designs

Small Cruising Sailboats

21' 9 22' 2 20' 7 1' 11 3' 5 29' 0 Min. max. draft Bridge clearance Power B D ratio 21' 9 22' 2 20' 7 1' 11 3' 5 29' 0 Years produced Sail area Fuel tankage Water tankage The Seaward 22 was first launched in 1984, and in 1989 magically became the Seaward 23 see next page by including a bowsprit in its length designation. The 22 has round ports while the 23 has better-looking rectangular ports, and there are many other differences as well. But the 23 by any other name is still a 22-footer on...

A cruising boat with plenty of space for her size

Pearson Blueprint

24' 0 26' 9 23' 0 2' 1 30' 0 Nick Hake Hake Yachts 1989-2003 235 sq. ft. portable 20 gal. Min. max. draft Bridge clearance Power B D ratio 24' 0 26' 9 23' 0 2' 1 30' 0 Years produced Sail area Fuel tankage Water tankage Nick Hake Hake Yachts 1989-2003 235 sq. ft. portable 20 gal. We admit that the list of comps in the table below is a hodgepodge of boats, even though the collection was compiled by grouping together all boats of similar length on deck with approximately the same displacement and...

Recognizing other boats at night

All boats are required to have navigation lights (also called running lights) at night (including dusk and dawn) and whenever visibility is reduced (such as in fog, heavy rain, or haze). Power boats, larger commercial ships, and other seagoing craft all have required lighting configurations that vary considerably depending on the type of boat (or barge or submarine). But most vessels have red and green lights to identify port and starboard and have some kind of white stern light while underway.

Rigging a twohanded dinghy

Vago Main Sheet Block

Every dinghy is rigged in a slightly different way and you should familiarize yourself with the manufacturer's instructions for the dinghy you are handling. The rigging sequence shown here is an example of how to rig a typical two-handed dinghy. select a flat location with the dinghy parked securely on its trailer and sufficient space all around. Check for overhead cables and other obstructions. Lay out the mast, boom, and rigging components. The mast may be fitted with a separate wire forestay...

Rigging a singlehanded dinghy

Sailing Techniques

Popular single-handed dinghies such as the Laser, Topper, and Pico all have similar rigging, which is simple and quick to assemble. With practice, you should be able to get one of these boats rigged and ready to sail in about 15 minutes, though you may need help lifting the mast. The principal feature of all these dinghies is that they have no shrouds or forestay to support the mast. Instead, the mast is self-supporting, with the lower part fitting into a tubular mast step in the foredeck. The...

Apparent Wind vs Course

Apparent Wind

Note how in the diagram the (blue) True Wind vector is always the same length as it represents equal strength on all points of sail. The Apparent Wind (red) however, changes dramatically in strength and direction, especially on an upwind course. This example illustrates why it is often more advantageous to tack downwind rather than sail on a dead run. On a straight downwind course, the Apparent Wind will diminish as the (yellow) Boat Wind will cancel out part of the True Wind. On a reach and...

Catamaran Design Guide

Wormwood Catamaran

Spectacular sunsets in the Pacific turn the horizon into a brilliant spectrum of gold and orange colors. Copyright 2006, 2008 by Gregor Tarjan. Click here for terms of use. performance, yet desire high daily averages and passage times, which should be as short as possible. When choosing a large multihull, sailors look, above all else, for safety and comfort, long before the consideration for flat-out speed comes into the discussion. Nevertheless, performance is a highly important design...

Identifying the types of buoys

Buoys come in a variety of shapes, which can indicate their meaning, as Figure 9-3 shows. At night, some buoys display lights to help the mariner find his way. Typically, the solid red and green buoys, so important in defining a channel, are lit with corresponding red and green lights. Lighthouses and midchannel fairway buoys often feature a white light. In the Navigating at Night section, later in this chapter, we discuss how, with a chart, you can identify a specific buoy from its unique...

Ironing out those irons

The most common mistake beginners make when trying to tack is to get the boat stuck in the no-sail zone, dead in the water with no maneuverability. Just like on a car, the steering wheel or tiller has no effect if your boat isn't moving. Being stuck head-to-wind in the no-sail zone is called being in irons. (Some interesting reason going back to the days of the square riggers must explain why this situation is called in irons, but that's a story for another day.) You get in irons when you don't...

Leaving the dock under sail

jijMiEfl The key to easy arrival and departure from docks is to avoid tying up on the v STA windward upwind side of the dock. If you try to leave the windward side of the dock under sail, the boat slips sideways as it gains speed and drags along the dock not good form Plus, tying your boat to the leeward side of the dock is better because the wind pushes the boat away from the dock, minimizing the chance of scratching the hull against the dock. If you must tie up on the windward side, ideally...

Tropical Depressions And Cyclones

Aboriginal Symbol Chart

Don't believe the old salts who stand around docksides in Panama, Los Angeles and Sydney. They'll tell you that you can spend the cyclone season perfectly safely in Tahiti because the area never gets cyclones. We've sat through one there, and it's certainly not the first that has touched the area. The U.S. Pilot has some good words, Tropical cyclones are rare, but have been known to occur in September, and in December to February .There is no known record of the actual frequency of tropical...

Leaving a beach

While most boats can be launched directly off a beach, launching in this way presents some difficulties. Apart from the possible problems of access from the road or parking lot (see Moving a boat, pages 52 3). the type of beach, flat or shelving, the direction of the wind (towards or away from the shore), and the state of the tide (high or low), can cause complications when leaving and returning. Wherever possible, survey prospective launching sites at low tide so that you can see obstructions...

Transportation

Le truck is French Polynesia's most popular form of transportation, and certainly most colorful. This is a form of commuter bus service similar to what's found all over the South Pacific, an open-air, hard-benched, home-built, 30-person, wooden container, mounted on a truck chassis. The truck is usually brightly painted and blaring forth rock music from mounted speakers. The cab is a spectacle unto itself. It's usually a showcase for the driver's personal mementos, family snapshots, postcards,...

History And Facts Prp

Bora Bora is really pronounced Pora Pora, since the B sound does not exist in Tahitian. The name means first-born, since it was thought that this was the first island to mythically spring into existence after the sacred mother island of Raia-tea. In ancient times, this island and Maupiti formed the Western Kingdom, known as Vavau. The island's early history is colored by the legendary Hiro, see Raiatea chapter. Hiro used Bora Bora as a hideaway, particularly the island of Topua, where there is...

Sprit Sails

How Reef Hanked Jib

Sprit sails formerly were in high favour, but during the last twenty years they have gradually fallen into disuse. It is still a favourite rig, however, among watermen, and they probably adhere to it because the sprit stretches the sail so flat. The old Ryde wherries, celebrated for their fine weatherly qualities, were sprit-rigged, but of late years they have generally adopted the gaff instead of the sprit. The advantages of the sprit over a gaff for setting a sail in a small boat cannot be...

The Age of Exploration Carrack and Caravel

Age Exploration Sailing Improvements

In the early fifteenth century the pace of ship development in the Atlantic tradition began to pick up this was the period with the most intense development of sailing ships. I hinted earlier about the potential for ship growth in size and development should the northern clinker and the Mediterranean carvel designs fuse. Such a mixing began with the Crusades. Many northern knights headed for the Holy Land in their double-ended clinker-built ships, taking them into Mediterranean ports en route....

Keel Appeal

Sailboat Keel Shapes

In chapters 1 and 3 we encountered the structural keel the long structure that extended along most of the underside of a wooden boat and provided the foundation on which the boat was built. Here, we will examine the hydrodynamic keel the underwater foil (hydrofoil) introduced in modern sailing vessels to improve sailing performance, in ways that I will now discuss. The modern keel serves two or three separate functions that are not entirely compatible with each other. So, again, we are talking...

Hull Damage

Ships Hull Damage Emergency Welding

Collisions at sea resulting in hull damage are rare, and when they do occur, assuming you're keeping a watch, they will be between you and a floating log, cargo hatch, or perhaps a shipping container. Depending on your vessel's construction, you may want to make more or less elaborate precautions. Wood vessels, planked on frames, can be thought of as a series of small structures bonded together. As such, they're more subject to leaking from minor impact than metal or fiberglass boats. A metal...

High Speed Sailing

America Cup Hydrofoil Cross Section

From which the weight in pounds is found as This type of construction is the best for racing craft at present, not because its strength weight figure is the best one can do, but because its stiffness weight is. This, of course, is quite important in order to keep a taut forestay. Using a self-stressed pyramid rig, GRP foam sandwich construction becomes optimal. In a catamaran, exotic materials should be used in the hull connecting structure. In the 'trimaran, carbon fibre in epoxy should be...

Hydrofoil Applications

Line Vee Hydrofoil

The tendency to view hydrofoils only as a means to lift the hull or hulls clear of the sea is conditioned by the fact that hydrofoils have been applied mainly to engine-powered craft which are subject to a less complex set of forces than sailing craft. In Fig. 6-1, to obtain a quantitative feeling for the problem, we have plotted the vertical lift-to-drag ratio weight-to-resistance of a typical multihull craft as a function of VJ L using Eq. 1-8 . Also shown is a curve labelled hydrofoils,...

Hamish and Kate Laird

The professionals we've introduced you to previously have all been enormously experienced. But for the most part, their sailing has taken place in the temperate or tropical regions. Mistakes in these areas can be costly, especially with large yachts, but the risk factors are certainly moderate. That is not the case, however, where Kate and Hamish Laird choose to sail. Hamish has spent the better part of the last 14 years sailing in and around Tiera Del Fuego, Cape Horn, South Georgia and...

Sails And Lateral Stability

Sailing Heeling Angles

The force FA generated by the sails is given by the expression where pA is the mass density of air at sea level under standard conditions pA 2.38 103 slug ft3 , VA is the apparent wind speed, As is the sail area, and CA is a numerical coefficient. As we saw in Chapt. 1, this force can be decomposed into a lift force A The lift coefficient CL is known to be an approximately linear function of the angle of attack a up to the point of stall, and to depend in addition on the aspect ratio A of the...

Nomenclature

Resistance - displacement ratio for a hull Angle of strut away from vertical with water surface. Displacement weight weight of boat. Cavitation number Munk's interference factor Fbl FBD Fbw FDF FDL FDS FIR FKR Fmf Frfl Frfw Flr Fss Fmg FP Form factor Correction for non-elliptic lift distribution. Area projected no z projected area of foil z T transom , x max cross-sectional or WL waterplane Coefficient of resistance where subscripts are F, R and DP Coefficient lift at 00 angle of attack Depth...

Canoe Sails

Almost every conceivable rig and sail has been tried on canoes cutter, sloop, schooner, yawl, dandy, and even top-sail schooner have appeared gaff sails, Chinese lugs, standing lugs, dipping lugs, balance lugs, sprit sail*, settee sails, lateen sails, sliding gunters, sliding sprits, split lugs, and leg-of-mutton sails have all been tested. Now, for racing, the balance lug main-and-mizen rig is the common favourite. These two working sails and a spinnaker for running appear to give the best...

Boat Handling under Power

As soon as you install a propeller on a boat, you enable her to do two things which she cannot do under sail. She can make way for an unlimited period into the eye of the wind or in no wind at all, and she can stop more quickly than ever she could by virtue of the natural forces which otherwise prevail. It so happens that these two items are often critical, particularly the former. They enable an indifferent power-assisted seaman to succeed where the finest sailor in the world could resort only...

Nautilus Canoes

British canoeing includes such various branches of work, and so many forms of canoes, each adapted particularly to its own branch and generally to all the others, that a consideration of canoe designs can hardly be successfully entered upon without first glancing at the rules and practices which at present guide the members of the Boyal Canoe Club, who form the majority of British canoeists. To construct a concise definition to comprehend a canoe is not an easy matter. No doubt the rules of the...

Centreboards

Centreboards give increased performance to windward over fixed skegs and provide greater 'beachability' due to reduced draft with the boards up. The two types of centreboards are daggerboards (boards which slide down in a slot like a dagger) and pivoting boards which pivot back into a long slot. Pivoting boards are not as popular as daggerboards due to the increased turbulence of the exposed long slot and the fact that the centre of lateral resistance moves aft when the pivoting board is...

Asymmetrical Racing Hulls Catamaran

Asymmetrical Racing Hulls Catamaran

Represents a zero-order approximation for the wave resistance. This is not good enough for our purposes, however. An exact theory was given by Havelock in 1932. A simplified, but still quite general form of Havelock's equation has been found by Castles for hulls with lateral and longitudinal symmetry. A discussion of the physical basis of Havelock's theory and Castle's equations for single or multiple hulls is given in Appendix A. Castles' equation for a single hull is The quantity 5 is the...

Efficient Sailing

Sails today arc very different from their ancestors in the period before the polyester revolution. Shape has always been the most important factor in sail efficiency, and time was when you chose your most suitable canvas for the conditions, pulled it up and sheeted it in. Some cruising sails are still made like this. They work well enough, but the cloth from which they are cut often means that their performance potential is nowhere near that of a modern sail whose geometry can be modified to...

Centre Of Effort And Propulsion

Effort of that wind would be exerted through the centre of gravity of the sail plane that is, if the whole effort of the wind were concentrated on one point of the sail, that point would necessarily be the centre of the plane. This point is usually termed the centre of effort of a sail. If a vessel has many sails, such as a cutter yacht, Fig. 11, the total effort of the sails is exerted collectively through a point which represents the centre of gravity of the whole of the sails combined. In...

Rig sloop cutter yawl or ketch

Yawl Rigged Sailboats

Traditional long keel yachts were often yawl- or ketch-rigged to improve the balance of the sail plan. Especially in heavy weather the foresail alone struggled to keep the boat tracking on course increasing speed and heel pushed the centre of lateral resistance forward dramatically, generating substantial weather helm that had to be balanced out with a mizzen. Yawl-rigged boats are always easy on the eye this beautiful, tradinional yacht was moored in Newport, Rhode Island in 1996 Blue water...

Skipjack Cove Yachting Resort Sassafras River Buoy

Box 208 Georgetown, MD 21930 410-275-2122 *1 -800-BOATSLIP I Fax 410-275-1133 Skipjack Cove Yachting Resort, located in a well-protected cove, offers a family resort atmosphere with plenty of activities. Tennis, basketball, volleyball, picnic areas with grills, planned activities and live entertainment in Signals Pub every Saturday night in season. The customer-oriented staff is friendly and well-trained to assist with all your boating needs. Skipjack Cove has a complete...

Designs by William and John Atkin Commentary by Mike OBrien

Philip Bolger Boat Plans

When I was a boy, commercial watermen kept low-powered inboard skiffs. Summer people used outboard motors. The professionals knew that small inboards ran quieter, were more reliable, and stretched a gallon of fuel miles farther than the cranky outboards of that era. Since that time, four decades of relentless outboard motor development have rendered small inboard skiffs virtually extinct. Be that as it may, skiffs of the type shown here continue to offer some advantages. They carry their engine...

AN Jamaica to Panama

Apr. to Mdy November tc Dece-0tr jLie to Noverber Cruising Gutie to tnc Canboozn. Panama Canal P-iots Handbook A direct route (AN107A) leads to Panama from ports in the eastern part of Jamaica. The winds will be light while in the lee of the island, but outside Jamaica's wind shadow they will rapidly become strong with large seas. The strong winds and high seas experienced on this route for most of the year, combined with a strong west-setting current, call for accurate navigation as the route...

Marina Hemingway

Rose Marina Hemmingway Shuttle

The Marina Hemingway is the principal port of entry for cruising boats going to Cuba. The marina stands by on VHF Ch 72, and should be contacted (English is spoken) soon after you cross the Cuban 12-mile limit. With any luck, by the time you reach the marina the various authorities will be on hand to expedite the clearance procedures (which in any case will take some time - see Chapter 1). The marina is totally protected in all conditions, with a minimum of 5m of water in the entry channel, and...

A boat with several names and several builders

Builder Namessail Boats From 1980

Min. max. draft Bridge clearance Power B D ratio 22' 11 23' 4 20' 0 1' 11 5' 6 32' 6 Years produced Sail area Fuel tankage Water tankage The Gloucester 23, also known as the Lockley Newport 23 and as the Classic 23, was built at one time by Gloucester Yachts, and later by Lockley-Newport Boats in Gloucester, VA, and still later at Classic Yachts in Chanute, KS. Like her sisters, the Gloucester 16 (page 33) and the Gloucester 19 (page 34), her molds were passed from one business entity to...

The Knot Rule

Big ships use two other techniques when they're threatened by hurricanes. The first is the 34-Knot Rule, which mandates that vessels should make every effort to steer clear of 34-knot winds (the lower end of Force 8) when the winds are associated with a tropical revolving storm. By the time the wind reaches 34 knots, the sea state approaches levels that interfere with ship maneuverability and restrict a vessel's chances to work away from the cyclone. The second technique is the 1-2-3 Rule,...

Key West To Cozumel

The crossing from Key West to Cozumel can be one of the ruggedest portions of the entire route both navigationally and wcathcr-wisc. The 380 mile rhumb line passes very close to the Cuban coast. Many insurance companies won't insure vessels within 20 miles of Cuba. Because U.S. relations with Cuba are strained and variable, I take a dog leg course passing twenty-five miles off Cuba at the nearest approach to avoid any probability of seizure. Southbound this is a nuisance because it puts you...

Rms Queen Mary Blueprints

Queen Mary Profile Plans

20mm Oerlikon position 3in HA gun Extra lifeboats Carley floats Life floats dispersed about upper decks Type 273 radar office and aerial Degaussing coil 6in gun 40mm Bofors twin Mk1 Mk 51 director Rocket launcher Armour plating B1 LINE AND BODY PLAN B1 1 Lines (1 400 scale) B1 LINE AND BODY PLAN B1 1 Lines (1 400 scale) 1a. 10ft aft of 0 (after perpendicular) B2 FLAT KEEL PLATE AND CENTRE GIRDER (all drawings 1 200 scale except as noted) B2 3 Middle section side elevation

New Products By Mark Pillsbury

Gear that works so well that you can enjoy the breeze If your expectations move beyond the flashlight and bucket-for-a-head stage, you'll find that there's no end to the equipment that can be deployed to ensure your comfort afloat. Raritan Engineering, which manufactures an extensive line of toilets for marine and other recreational applications, has introduced the Atlantes Freedom head (starting at 1,088), which uses bronze cutting blades to shred waste and sanitary-paper products before they...

How to Clean White Vinyl Boat Seats Fast

The white vinyl seat is one of my favorite places in the boat. It is the area where I can relax and mingle with family and friends while enjoying the ride. The white color is also my favorite, as it symbolizes purity and cleanliness. The only problem I have with the white vinyl seats is its tendency to get stained and dirty fast. I considered cleaning white vinyl boat seats as one of the hardest parts of cleaning the boat.

Breaking Waves

The equation for the speed, c, of a surface wave across the ocean is well known to physicists and is rather complicated. In deep water this equation reduces to a simple form that we have already encountered, c Vgm p. So, in deep water the speed of a wave depends on wavelength, l. This fact influences the hull speed of a ship, as we have seen. In shallow water, the complicated equation for c reduces to a different limit, c Vgh, where h is the water depth. So, in shallow water the wave speed does...

Tunny Net Areas

On shore tunny nets are marked by masonry beacons, 2.1m high, surmounted by two spherical top marks, the upper one white and the lower one red. At sea, tunny nets are marked by buoys, surmounted by a white ball over a red ball, that mark the limits of the areas occupied by the nets, corresponding to the beacons on shore. The seaward extremities of the nets are marked by a lightboat, showing by day a white ball over a red ball, and at night two fixed lights, the upper white and the lower red.

Table Particulars Of Ships Boats

1936 Queen Mary Deck Plans

Type motor lifeboat motor lifeboat motor lifeboat with wireless rigged as accident boat Beam 12ft Sin 12ft 5in 9ft 3in Depth 5ft 5ft 3ft 10V4in Speed 6 knots 6 knots 6 knots 2-cylinder diesel 2-cylinder diesel 2-cylinder diesel Weight 18 tons full load not known not known Life saving capacity 145 136 47 The third class smoking room was another semi-circular apartment with an all-round sea view forward, positioned on A deck. It contained five roomy recesses with built-in settees, augmented with...

Friends Good Will Sloop

Barbara Kreuzer, Executive Director of the Michigan Maritime Museum, announced that a contract was signed on December 18 with Scarano Boatbuilding, Inc. of Albany, New York to construct a replica of Friends Good Will, a 19th century sloop that served both the American and the British navies in the War of 1812.

Bahia De Cayo Moa Cuba

The Bahia de Cayo Moa is a long bay fronted by an almost continuous barrier of reef and cays. A couple of exceedingly deep channels cut through this reef to give access to a well protected lagoon. The northernmost of these channels leads directly to the port of Moa, a major nickel exporting facility which is quite active at the present time, with ships both unloading and loading in the port, and also anchoring out in front of the port area and unloading or loading via barges.

Water Skiing

What Are Skier Hand Signals

Water skiing, a popular sport for powerboat owners, requires extra precautions. Ski boat operators must travel at high speeds and make tight turns, frequent stops, and sudden starts. And skiers are always in the water. At the very least, a water ski team must consist of a boat operator, an observer, and a skier. People enjoying other activities while being towed by a boat must follow the same rules and guidelines for water skiing. Some of these activities include wakeboarding, knee boarding,...

Alcohol & Water Safety

Most states define impairment at .10 Blood Alcohol Content (B.A.C.). However, even lower levels of blood alcohol may affect a person's balance, vision or judgment. This can be especially dangerous when on the water. BALANCE Alcohol impacts an individual's sense of balance. A moment of dizziness or even a mis-step may not cause any harm on your patio or in a restaurant, but it can lead to disaster on the water.

Changing Headsails

Changing headsails, especially in liigli winds, requires planning. Work with other crew members to get the job done. The wind will want to catch a loose sail on the deck, so make sure you have control of die new jib before it's hoisted and the old jib after its lowered. Q Uniold the new sail. Lower the raised jib and secure it with sail ties or remove it from the deck. Connect the sheets to the new jib. O Bring the folded sail to the headstay and attach the tack to the bow fitting, Then connect...

MO Sheepshank

Sheep Shank Knot

The sheepshank is a seafarer's knot it does not chafe, it unties easily, and it has a good jamming action. It is an easily tied knot, which holds under tension - in fact, as soon as the tension is released, the knot falls apart. The number of hall' hitches can vary from three to five, and that number determines both the firmness of the grip of the knot and the length by which the line is shortened, In addition to shortening lines without the need to cut them, the sheepshank is used at sea for...

Northern Indian Ocean

The Doldrums Indian Ocean Map

The northern Indian Ocean is dominated by the NE and SW monsoons. Although there are other areas which have monsoon seasons, the northern Indian Ocean is the archetype of the monsoon and indeed the name comes from the Arabic mawsim meaning a fixed season. The word monsoon applies equally to the prevailing winds and to the characteristics of the season in terms of rainfall, cloud cover and temperature. The NE monsoon is known as the cool season and is generally dry with clear skies and moderate...

Ironsides USS Constitution

The Constitution--called "Old Ironsides" because cannonballs could not penetrate her tough oak sides--was one of the first of the original six frigates that made up the U.S. Navy. A 44-gun frigate built at the Edmond Hartt Shipyard, Boston, MA, in 1797. Her dimensions are 53,34x13,26x6,0 (d) m [175'0x43'6"x16'7"] and with a displacement of 2000 tons

The Medieval Contribution

Lateen Sail Design

We have now arrived at the start of the second millennium CE. The Roman Empire has come and gone but its dissolution provided a spur to sailing ship development. This is because the political turmoil that followed in the wake of Rome's demise resulted in more fluid borders and changing trade routes. The predictable year-in, year-out voyages of merchantmen between port cities of the Empire disappeared. Consequently, merchant ships needed to be able to tackle a wider variety of wind and sea...

Winds and Currents of the North Atlantic

Cape Sao Roque South Equatorial Current

The NE trade winds extend in a wide belt north of the equator reaching from the west coast of Africa to the Caribbean Sea. They blow for most of the year on the south side of the anti-cyclone which is situated in about latitude 30*N, commonly known as the Azores high. The northern limit of the trade winds is around latitude 25 N in winter and 30 N in summer, although the constancy of the trade winds cannot be relied on near their northern limits. Therefore when making a transatlantic passage it...

Dissecting a Sailboat This Part and That Part

Before you climb aboard and rig your boat, we need to briefly introduce you to the names of the parts of a sailboat. Take a closer look at the two basic types of sailboats we discuss in this book keelboats and dinghies in Figures 4-1 and 4-2 to see most of these parts (many are common to both keelboats and dinghies). All sailboats are different, so we can't guarantee your boat has all (or only) the following parts, but this list is a start. This section isn't one of those mission descriptions...

Winds and Currents of the World

Prevailing Wind Directions Turkey

Ever since man first ventured offshore in craft powered by the wind, he has looked for patterns in the wind's behaviour. Such observations may have led the early fishermen to use an offshore breeze to take their canoes to favourite fishing spots in the morning and the onshore breeze to waft them home later in the day. These patterns are still used in some parts of the world where fishermen continue to use sailing craft as their forefathers have done over countless generations. Discovering a...

The Australian Ship Reporting System AUSREP

Radius Action Aircraft

The Australian Ship Reporting System (AUSREP) is compulsory for Australian-registered commercial vessels and for foreign vessels on voyages between Australian ports. All other vessels are encouraged to participate when within the AUSREP area. The objective of the AUSREP system is to contribute to the safety of life at sea by 1. Limiting the time between the loss of a vessel and the initiation of SAR action, in cases where no distress signal is sent out. 2. Limiting the search area for a SAR...